Climate change is global, so it does not matter where CO2 emissions are emitted or saved, in the end the sum of greenhouse gases is decisive. In Germany the reduction or compensation of CO2 is very expensive, in emerging and developing countries, however, the compensation is cheaper. The Kyoto Protocol, which is binding under international law, therefore stipulates that so-called climate protection projects that avoid or store greenhouse gas emissions should take place where they are most economical. Accordingly, there are many projects in newly industrializing and developing countries, as the potential for savings through new technologies is still very high there and these can be used much more cost-effectively. In addition, the conditions for renewable energy plants (sun, wind, water and biomass) are often much more advantageous there. Furthermore, the projects in emerging and developing countries contribute to the improvement of the economic, social and ecological situation and support the realization of the sustainability goals of the United Nations. For emerging and developing countries, emissions trading is a key driver for the transfer of clean technologies and sustainable economic development.